An adult horse's brain weighs about 22 oz - so about half the size of a human brain. Compare this to the difference in body size, though, and you realize that the brain to body size ratio (more important than actual size) is significant inferior.
Their brain structure is also affected by the fact that foals need to be able to run within hours of birth - so the parts of the brain devoted to movement develop first.
They do not, of course, have as well developed a frontal cortex as we do.
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